Converter for making steel, &amp;c.



'No. 755,215. PATBNTED MAR. 22, 1904.

W. BQBURROW. CONVERTER FOR MAKING STEEL, 8m.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 17, 1902.

F0 MODEL. 2 SHEBTB-SHEBT 1 llllllllllllll lI Il No. 755,215. PATENTEDMAR. 22, 1904. W. B. BURROW. CONVERTER FOR MAKING STEEL, 8w.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 17. 1902. no MODEL.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES Patented March 22, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

CONVERTER FOR MAKING STEEL, 80c- SPECIFICATION armies part of LettersPatent No. 755,215, dated March 22, 1904. Ipplicationfiled May 17, 1902.Serial No. 107,814 7 (I10 Inodel.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WAIlT ER B. BURROW, a citizen of the United States,residing at Norfolk, in the county of Norfolk and State of Virginia,have invented a new and useful Converter for Making Steel and SimilarMaterial, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to converters for making malleable iron and steelfrom molten castiron and for purifying the same.

The converter differs from those ordinarily in use, as it is operated inan inclined position or horizontally, according to circumstances, and inthis way a larger area and volume of metal is more uniformly treatedthan is possible in other converters. The converter assumes differentangles during its operation, all of which do not approach theperpendicular unless the converter is revolved on its axis at theconclusion of the process, as will be hereinafter described.

Referring to the drawings, in which like characters of referenceindicate similar parts in all the views, Figure 1 is a sectionalelevation through the converter shell, lining, corrugations or ribs, andwind-box. In this view the converter-bottom is lower than its outlet ornose. Fig. 2 is a cross-section on the line 1 2 in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is apart elevation of the converter and wind-box, showing the blastpipes andregulating-valves. Fig. ais a sectional elevation in perspective of thewindboX, showing the divisions or compartments and thedeflecting-plates. Fig. 5 is a view of a part of one of the corrugationsor ribs looking from the bottom of the converter toward its outlet.

In the drawings, A is the converter shell.

B is the refractory lining.

C is the converter-bottom or closed end.

D is' the converter-bottom plate.

E is the slag-door lining.

F is the slag-door frame.

G represents the vertical or fining twyers which extend through thelining and the corrugations or ribs I. The twyers G blow parallel withthe bottom 0 of the converter and toward the plain lining B and arespaced in suitable rows around the concavity of the corrugations or ribsand extend to the axis or a little below, as shown in Fig. 2. 'The lowerends of the twyers connect with divisions in the wind box J, from whichthe twyers are supplied with the blast.

, H represents the horizontal or dephosphorizing twyers and are locatedin the corrugations or ribs; but their outlets are below the twyers Gand are at right angles to them. The shape of the twyers is that of aninverted L, as shown in Fig. 1. The last row of the twyers H dischargesagainst the bottom 0 of the converter, and those toward the outlet ornose of the vessel impinge upon the basic material of the ribs on theirbacks or plain sides, so that the metal is constantly thrown upon thepurifying material of which they are constructed, The lower ends of thetwyers are connected to different compartments of the wind-box J fromthose supplying the twyers G. The twyers H are suitably spaced, as shownin Fig. 2. V

I represents the refractory ribs or corrugations located above andformingapart of the lining B and are placed on the pouring side of theconverter or on its back, if the direc-- tion of the discharge of theconverter is considered as its front when it is in a verticalposition.The twyers G and H are formed in the ribs or corrugations and spaced onthe face and sides, respectively, and the shape of the openings made byramming the material around a pattern, which is afterward withdrawn.

The wind-box J is located onthe pouring side or back of the converterand is divided into as many compartments or boxes as there are ribs orcorrugations I. The wind-box is also provided with'angle or deflectingplates, their object being to guide pulverulent purifying material intothe twyers G and H as may be required. As shown in Fig. 1, each up percompartment supplies two rows of twyers; butany combination can be madeas desired. The wind-box J is provided with doors L and blast-inletpipes M.

K is the main blast-feed pipe supplied by the pipe P from the axis ortrunnions T.

R represents the valves for regulating the blast-pressure and forcutting off the blast when the twyers are clear of the metal andthe'converter is turned completely over or in a vertical position.

When the converter is inclined, as indicated in Fig. 1, the metal-levelassumes an angle, as shown at 5, the metal being thinnest over theextreme front twyers G and thickest over the ones near the bottom G. Inthis manner the blast acts unevenly and the degree of decarbonizationcan be varied by tilting the converter and uncovering one or morecorrugations or ribs. By treating different thickness of metalvariations can be made in the quality of the product and ranging from amild casting to a superior Bessemer steel.

In using pulverulent purifying material I operate the converter when itis horizontal or at an angle, as shown in Fig. 1, until the period knownas the after blow approaches, at which point I lower the converter inthe direction of the arrow t until the metal covers the bottom C and theangle 5 is greater. The finely-divided purifying material is then blowninto the metal by the twyers H in such quantity as to saturate thephosphorus or other impurities in the bath. In addition the metal isviolently dashed against the blank sides of the ribs or corrugations andby the erosion of the basic ribs causes an intimate contact and to mixwith the iron or steel. The finished product is poured into molds bytilting the converter in the direction of the arrow 3 or the converterturned over and poured from the plain side. The molten slag is withdrawnas it accumulates by the door E, and the converter is tilted until themetal line or level is even with the opening and the slag run out. Therest of the operation is conducted in the ordinary manner, and knownrules of the art of pneumatic steel manufacture can be applied to myinvention unless where otherwise specified.

Besides giving many varieties of steel the metallic bath is exposed to alarge area of basic material, and a pure product is the result.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, 1s-

1. A horizontally operated centrally -pivoted converter for makingmalleable iron and steel having vertical and horizontal twyers in thedirection of the length of the converter, the said converter or vesselrevolving completely through different angles on its axis or trunnionsas described.

2. A horizontally-operated tilting converter for making iron and steel,having aplurality of refractory ribs, corrugations or bands, integralwith and extending above the lining of the converter; to or near theaxis or trunnions, the said ribs or corrugations suitably spaced in thedirection of the length of the vessel and occupying one-half of theinner circumference of the converter, and the said ribs orbandscontaining horizontal and vertical twyers or blast-orifices, the saidtwyers discharging at right angles to each other, as described.

3. A horizontally -operated converter for molten iron and steel having aplurality of twyers spaced along its length and refractory corrugationsor ribs on the inner circumference of the lining and the vertical andhorizontal twyers through the said corrugations or ribs to the wind-box,the horizontal twyers having their direction of discharge at rightangles to the vertical twyers and blowing toward the closed end of theconverter, the said twyers supplied by the blast from awind-box on thepouring side of the vessel as described.

4. A horizontally operated pivoted converter having vertical andhorizontal twyers spaced along the length of the converter and havingtheir direction of discharge at right angles to each other andrefractory corrugations or ribs projecting above the lining, to andabove the axis of the converter and ahorizontally-divided wind box orreservoir having inclined guide and deflecting plates, and regulatingvalves and pipes, controlling the blast in each division of the saidWind-box, as described.

5. A horizontally-operated movable converter for making steel havingvertical and horizontal twyers having their direction of discharge atright angles to each other, and refractory ribs or corrugations carryingthe said twyers, and a horizonally-divided windbox havingdeflecting-plates, nozzles, blastpipes, regulating-valves and aslag-door at the bottom or closed end of the converter, as described.

' In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

WALTER B: BURROW.

Witnesses:

J. M. NEWBERN, JOHN L. FLETCHER.

